What is sword with hand guard?

A sword with a hand guard is a type of sword that has a protective metal or leather barrier between the blade and the hilt to protect the wielder's hand from slipping onto the sharp blade during combat. The hand guard is an essential element of most swords, particularly those used in fencing, dueling, or military combat. Different types of hand guards were developed in various historical periods and cultures, ranging from simple crossguards to complex basket hilt designs with intricate patterns and decorations. The hand guard not only provides protection but also provides balance to the sword and can be used as a striking or grappling tool in close combat. Some common types of swords with hand guards include the rapier, saber, katana, and broadsword.